![]() Where, Kth element of the circuit is given by The Butterworth filter can be realized using passive components such as series inductors and shunt capacitors with Cauer topology – Cauer 1-form as shown in the figure below. If the Butterworth filter order increases, then the cascaded stages within the Butterworth filter design increases and also the brick wall response & filter gets closer as shown in the above figure.īutterworth Filter Design using Cauer Topology Butterworth Filter Ideal Frequency Response The low pass Butterworth filter standard approximations for various filter orders along with the ideal frequency response which is termed as a “brick wall” are shown below. The Butterworth filter changes from pass band to stop-band by achieving pass band flatness at the expense of wide transition bands and it is considered as the main disadvantage of Butterworth filter. The quality factor for this type is just Q=0.707 and thus, all high frequencies above the cut-off point band rolls down to zero at 20dB per decade or 6dB per octave in the stop band. ![]() ![]() The Butterworth filter has frequency response as flat as mathematically possible, hence it is also called as a maximally flat magnitude filter (from 0Hz to cut-off frequency at -3dB without any ripples).
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